Table S1 . New major peaks observed in the presence of the antibiotics are labeled with letters. See also
for the structure of all identified muropeptides. Data are representative of three independent experiments. (B) Abundance of muropeptides with a tetrapeptide or a pentapeptide stem (free side or acceptor chain in multimers) in the PG of C. difficile wild-type and ΔΔΔ ldt strains grown in the absence of antibiotics (no ATB) or in the presence of cefoxitin or meropenem. (C) Abundance of muropeptide dimers with a 4→3 and a 3→3 cross-link relative to total muropeptides in the PG of C. difficile wild-type and ΔΔΔ ldt strains grown in the absence of antibiotics (no ATB) or in the presence of cefoxitin or meropenem. (D) Cross-linking index of the PG of C. difficile wild-type and ΔΔΔ ldt strains grown in the absence of antibiotics (no ATB) or in the presence of cefoxitin or meropenem. (E) Abundance of muropeptide dimers with a 3→3 cross-link relative to the total cross-links in dimers in the PG of C. difficile wild-type and ΔΔΔ ldt strains grown in the absence of antibiotics (no ATB) or in the presence of cefoxitin or meropenem. (F) Abundance of muropeptides with a pentapeptide stem ending with a non-canonical d -amino-acid (NCDAA: Gly, Phe, Leu, or Val) (Penta-NCDAA ) relative to the total pentapeptide muropeptides in the C. difficile wild-type and ΔΔΔ ldt strains grown in the presence of cefoxitin or meropenem. All graphs represent mean ± SEM and include individual data points; n = 3 independent experiments. ∗∗∗ p ≤ 0.01 and ∗∗∗∗ p ≤ 0.001 by a two-way ANOVA followed by a Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test. " width="100%" height="100%">
Journal: iScience
Article Title: The l,d -transpeptidation pathway is inhibited by antibiotics of the β-lactam class in Clostridioides difficile
doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.112227
Figure Lengend Snippet: Impact of different β-lactam antibiotics on the PG structure of vegetative cells of C. difficile wild type and ΔΔΔ ldt (A) LC-MS chromatogram of muropeptides from vegetative cells of C. difficile wild-type (WT) strain grown in the presence of subinhibitory concentrations of cefoxitin. Peak labels refer to Table S1 . New major peaks observed in the presence of the antibiotics are labeled with letters. See also Table S1 for the structure of all identified muropeptides. Data are representative of three independent experiments. (B) Abundance of muropeptides with a tetrapeptide or a pentapeptide stem (free side or acceptor chain in multimers) in the PG of C. difficile wild-type and ΔΔΔ ldt strains grown in the absence of antibiotics (no ATB) or in the presence of cefoxitin or meropenem. (C) Abundance of muropeptide dimers with a 4→3 and a 3→3 cross-link relative to total muropeptides in the PG of C. difficile wild-type and ΔΔΔ ldt strains grown in the absence of antibiotics (no ATB) or in the presence of cefoxitin or meropenem. (D) Cross-linking index of the PG of C. difficile wild-type and ΔΔΔ ldt strains grown in the absence of antibiotics (no ATB) or in the presence of cefoxitin or meropenem. (E) Abundance of muropeptide dimers with a 3→3 cross-link relative to the total cross-links in dimers in the PG of C. difficile wild-type and ΔΔΔ ldt strains grown in the absence of antibiotics (no ATB) or in the presence of cefoxitin or meropenem. (F) Abundance of muropeptides with a pentapeptide stem ending with a non-canonical d -amino-acid (NCDAA: Gly, Phe, Leu, or Val) (Penta-NCDAA ) relative to the total pentapeptide muropeptides in the C. difficile wild-type and ΔΔΔ ldt strains grown in the presence of cefoxitin or meropenem. All graphs represent mean ± SEM and include individual data points; n = 3 independent experiments. ∗∗∗ p ≤ 0.01 and ∗∗∗∗ p ≤ 0.001 by a two-way ANOVA followed by a Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test.
Article Snippet: Cefoxitin sodium salt , Thermo Scientific , 455280050.
Techniques: Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectroscopy, Labeling
Table S1 . New major peaks observed in the presence of the antibiotics are labeled with letters. See also 